Printed circuit board marking

31. 1. 2024

Very often, the Datamatrix (DMC) code is used to identify the board , which can store a significant amount of information in a very small area. By reading this code with a suitable reading device, the stored information can then be displayed back. In practice, when a component is marked with a code, an entry corresponding to that code is immediately created in the manufacturer’s database. Each time it is scanned during an operation, this entry is then updated to reflect the current status of the component being monitored.

The actual marking of the board is the first and very important part of the whole process. The resulting marking should be permanent, easy to read by reading devices, easy to edit (the content of the DMC code changes with each board) and low in running costs. Laser marking can meet all of the above requirements and it must be said that it is already being actively used in many similar applications.

Of course, the type of material being described is important. In some cases, a non-soldering mask is removed during marking down to the copper substrate, giving the DM code the necessary contrast. However, this technique cannot always be used; it is unsuitable, for example, in the case of subsequent wave soldering.
A more frequent requirement is for marking of the non-solder mask PCB. Here, the type of mask (including its colour) is very important, as its properties can significantly affect the contrast achieved, and so it is necessary to perform tests before deploying the technology to show its suitability early on.Solid-state lasers in the wavelength range 532-1064nm can be used for PCB marking, which achieve significantly better marking results than CO2 lasers. With solid-state lasers, the laser footprint is smaller, allowing for more accurate, detailed motifs and codes with more data content using the same area compared to a CO2 laser.

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